针对玉米收获后由于气候原因导致霉变发芽、公路晾晒造成严重污染,或采用“先脱粒后干燥”工艺导致籽粒破碎严重等问题,按照“玉米穗干燥—脱粒—玉米籽粒干燥”分段干燥工艺设计了一种红外玉米穗干燥试验台。试验结果表明,采用等温干燥时,较佳的干燥温度为58℃左右；采用变温干燥时,宜选用“先低后高”的变温方式,且在保证干玉米品质的前提下,应尽量选用较高的干燥温度；无论采用等温干燥还是变温干燥,其干燥温度均不得高于60℃。本文研究的红外玉米穗干燥试验台干燥均匀性好、设备的空间利用率高,彻底解决了收获期玉米霉变或采用“先脱粒后干燥”工艺而导致的籽粒破碎率严重等问题,为红外玉米穗干燥机的研制奠定了坚实基础。

With the aim to solve the problems of mildew or germination caused by climate, serious pollution caused by highway drying, serious grain crushing caused by the process of “threshing-drying”,a kind of infrared corncob-drying test-bed was designed which accorded to the segmentation drying process of “corncob dryingt-hreshing-corn grain drying”. The results of the experiment showed that the optimum drying temperature was about 58℃when the drying temperature was isothermal; the better variable temperature method was “lower to higher” when the drying temperature was variable, and drying temperature should be used a higher one as far as possible when the quality of the dried corn was guaranteed. Whether isothermal drying or variable temperature drying, the drying temperature would be not higher than 60℃. The infrared corncob-drying test-bed was characterized with drying good uniformity and high space utilization rate. And it solved the problems of mildew during the harvest and serious grain crushing caused by the process of “threshing and drying” completely. What is more, it could lay a good foundation for infrared radiation corncob dryer.

S226.6

国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）